C - Basic Introduction

C is a general-purpose high level language that was originally developed by Dennis Ritchie for the Unix operating system. It was first implemented on the Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 computer in 1972.

The Unix operating system and virtually all Unix applications are written in the C language. C has now become a widely used professional language for various reasons.
  • Easy to learn
  • Structured language
  • It produces efficient programs.
  • It can handle low-level activities.
  • It can be compiled on a variety of computers.

Facts about C

  • C was invented to write an operating system called UNIX.
  • C is a successor of B language which was introduced around 1970
  • The language was formalized in 1988 by the American National Standard Institue (ANSI).
  • By 1973 UNIX OS almost totally written in C.
  • Today C is the most widely used System Programming Language.
  • Most of the state of the art software have been implemented using C

Why to use C ?

C was initially used for system development work, in particular the programs that make-up the operating system. C was adoped as a system development language because it produces code that runs nearly as fast as code written in assembly language. Some examples of the use of C might be:
  • Operating Systems
  • Language Compilers
  • Assemblers
  • Text Editors
  • Print Spoolers
  • Network Drivers
  • Modern Programs
  • Data Bases
  • Language Interpreters
  • Utilities

Worth to know about C language

• Oracle is written in c
• Core libraries of android are written in c
• MySQL is written in c
• Almost every device drivers is written in c
• Major part of the browser is written in c
• Unix operating system is developed in c
• C is the world's most popular programming language

For students :-

• C is important to build programming skills
• C covers basic features of all programming language
• Campus recruitment process
• C is the most popular language for hardware dependent programming

C Program File

All the C programs are written into text files with extension ".c" for example hello.c. You can use "vi" editor to write your C program into a file.
This tutorial assumes that you know how to edit a text file and how to write programming instructions inside a program file.

C Compilers

When you write any program in C language then to run that program you need to compile that program using a C Compiler which converts your program into a language understandable by a computer. This is called machine language (i,e. binary format). So before proceeding, make sure you have C Compiler available at your computer. It comes along with all flavors of Unix and Linux.
If you are working over Unix or Linux then you can type gcc -v or cc -v and check the result. You can ask your system administrator or you can take help from anyone to identify an available C Compiler at your computer.
If you don't have C compiler installed at your computer then you can use below given link to download a GNU C Compiler and use it.

codeblock - http://www.codeblocks.org/downloads/2
turbo c++ - https://developerinsider.co/download-turbo-c-for-windows-7-8-8-1-and-windows-10-32-64-bit-full-screen/

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